Two Literal Crypto Bros Built a Real Estate Empire. In 2019, two Canadian brothers blew into Detroit with an irresistible pitch: For $50, almost anyone could become a property owner. When houses decayed and the city intervened, the blame games began. A fire broke out at 10410 Cadieux in March 2025, burning a hole in the roof. The smell hit me first: damp brick, stagnant water, mold, and bleach. I was partway down a flight of wooden stairs that led to the basement of a 1920s duplex in east Detroit, Michigan. Leading the way was Cornell Dorris, a tenant in the building for nearly a decade. Dorris is in his early forties, has two daughters who visit on weekends, and makes a living smoking meat and cooking for events. As my eyes adjusted, I made out rodent droppings and a black puddle that spread across the basement floor. "Anytime it rains, the water comes down," Dorris said. The air was unnaturally heavy, and I felt a nagging urge to leave. Dorris doesn't have a typical landlord. Almost four years ago, his building was acquired by a startup called RealToken, or RealT.

We present novel graph kernels for graphs with node and edge labels that have ordered neighborhoods, i.e. when neighbor nodes followanorder.

We study the constrained reinforcement learning problem, in which an agent aims tomaximize the expected cumulativereward subject toaconstraint on the expected total value of a utility function. In contrast to existing model-based approaches or model-free methods accompanied with a'simulator', we aim to develop thefirst model-free, simulator-freealgorithm that achieves a sublinear regret and a sublinear constraint violation even inlarge-scale systems.

We study the constrained reinforcement learning problem, in which an agent aims tomaximize the expected cumulativereward subject toaconstraint on the expected total value of a utility function. In contrast to existing model-based approaches or model-free methods accompanied with a'simulator', we aim to develop thefirst model-free, simulator-freealgorithm that achieves a sublinear regret and a sublinear constraint violation even inlarge-scale systems.

Multi-agent pathfinding (MAPF) is the problem of finding collision-free paths for a team of agents on a map. Although MAPF is NP-hard, the hardness of solving individual instances varies significantly, revealing a gap between theoretical complexity and actual hardness. This paper outlines three key research challenges in MAPF empirical hardness to understand such phenomena. The first challenge, known as algorithm selection, is determining the best-performing algorithms for a given instance. The second challenge is understanding the key instance features that affect MAPF empirical hardness, such as structural properties like phase transition and backbone/backdoor. The third challenge is how to leverage our knowledge of MAPF empirical hardness to effectively generate hard MAPF instances or diverse benchmark datasets. This work establishes a foundation for future empirical hardness research and encourages deeper investigation into these promising and underexplored areas.